1.前言:
WMI是Windows Management Instrumentation的縮寫，透過.NET中的命名空間System.Management的使用(使用前需要加入System.Management的參考)，可以獲取作業系統的相關資訊，為Windows的核心管理技術，可用來管理本地或遠端的電腦。
2.說明:
有關WMI的說明可參考:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Management_Instrumentation
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa394582(v=vs.85).aspx
Win32 Classes可以參考
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa394084(v=VS.85).aspx
WMI的應用可參考以下的連結
http://www.codeproject.com/Articles/17973/How-To-Get-Hardware-Information-CPU-ID-MainBoard-I
其中Win32 Classes可以用C#來操作，主要的類別區分為以下項目:
•電腦硬體設備類別
•軟體相關類別
•操作系統類別
•系統性能類別
•系統安全類別
•WMI服務管理類別
以下舉Win32_PhysicalMemory(實體記憶體)的應用來說明，首先先查出類別下的所有的屬性值，確認需要查詢哪些屬性。
class Win32_PhysicalMemory : CIM_PhysicalMemory
{
string BankLabel;
uint64 Capacity;
string Caption;
string CreationClassName;
uint16 DataWidth;
string Description;
string DeviceLocator;
uint16 FormFactor;
boolean HotSwappable;
datetime InstallDate;
uint16 InterleaveDataDepth;
uint32 InterleavePosition;
string Manufacturer;
uint16 MemoryType;
string Model;
string Name;
string OtherIdentifyingInfo;
string PartNumber;
uint32 PositionInRow;
boolean PoweredOn;
boolean Removable;
boolean Replaceable;
string SerialNumber;
string SKU;
uint32 Speed;
string Status;
string Tag;
uint16 TotalWidth;
uint16 TypeDetail;
string Version;
};
程式碼:
ManagementObjectSearcher mos = new ManagementObjectSearcher();
mos.Query.QueryString = "SELECT * FROM Win32_PhysicalMemory";
foreach (ManagementObject mo in mos.Get())
{
PropertyDataCollection pdc = mo.Properties;
Console.WriteLine("BankLabel: {0}", pdc["BankLabel"].Value);
Console.WriteLine("Capacity: {0}", pdc["Capacity"].Value);
Console.WriteLine("Caption: {0}", pdc["Caption"].Value);
Console.WriteLine("CreationClassName: {0}", pdc["CreationClassName"].Value);
Console.WriteLine("DataWidth: {0}", pdc["DataWidth"].Value);
Console.WriteLine("Description: {0}", pdc["Description"].Value);
Console.WriteLine("DeviceLocator: {0}", pdc["DeviceLocator"].Value);
Console.WriteLine("FormFactor: {0}", pdc["FormFactor"].Value);
Console.WriteLine("HotSwappable: {0}", pdc["HotSwappable"].Value);
Console.WriteLine("InstallDate: {0}", pdc["InstallDate"].Value);
Console.WriteLine("InterleaveDataDepth: {0}", pdc["InterleaveDataDepth"].Value);
Console.WriteLine("InterleavePosition: {0}", pdc["InterleavePosition"].Value);
Console.WriteLine("Manufacturer: {0}", pdc["Manufacturer"].Value);
Console.WriteLine("MemoryType: {0}", pdc["MemoryType"].Value);
Console.WriteLine("Model: {0}", pdc["Model"].Value);
Console.WriteLine("Name: {0}", pdc["Name"].Value);
Console.WriteLine("OtherIdentifyingInfo: {0}", pdc["OtherIdentifyingInfo"].Value);
Console.WriteLine("PartNumber: {0}", pdc["PartNumber"].Value);
Console.WriteLine("PositionInRow: {0}", pdc["PositionInRow"].Value);
Console.WriteLine("PoweredOn: {0}", pdc["PoweredOn"].Value);
Console.WriteLine("Removable: {0}", pdc["Removable"].Value);
Console.WriteLine("Replaceable: {0}", pdc["Replaceable"].Value);
Console.WriteLine("SerialNumber: {0}", pdc["SerialNumber"].Value);
Console.WriteLine("SKU: {0}", pdc["SKU"].Value);
Console.WriteLine("Speed: {0}", pdc["Speed"].Value);
Console.WriteLine("Status: {0}", pdc["Status"].Value);
Console.WriteLine("Tag: {0}", pdc["Tag"].Value);
Console.WriteLine("TotalWidth: {0}", pdc["TotalWidth"].Value);
Console.WriteLine("TypeDetail: {0}", pdc["TypeDetail"].Value);
Console.WriteLine("Version: {0}", pdc["Version"].Value);
}
圖例:
附錄Win32類別清單:
Win32_1394Controller Win32_1394ControllerDevice Win32_AccountSID Win32_ActionCheck Win32_ActiveRoute Win32_AllocatedResource Win32_ApplicationCommandLine Win32_ApplicationService Win32_AssociatedBattery Win32_AssociatedProcessorMemory Win32_AutochkSetting Win32_BaseBoard Win32_Battery Win32_Binary Win32_BindImageAction Win32_BIOS Win32_BootConfiguration Win32_Bus Win32_CacheMemory Win32_CDROMDrive Win32_CheckCheck Win32_CIMLogicalDeviceCIMDataFile Win32_ClassicCOMApplicationClasses Win32_ClassicCOMClass Win32_ClassicCOMClassSetting Win32_ClassicCOMClassSettings Win32_ClassInforAction Win32_ClientApplicationSetting Win32_CodecFile Win32_COMApplicationSettings Win32_COMClassAutoEmulator Win32_ComClassEmulator Win32_CommandLineAccess Win32_ComponentCategory Win32_ComputerSystem Win32_ComputerSystemProcessor Win32_ComputerSystemProduct Win32_ComputerSystemWindowsProductActivationSetting Win32_Condition Win32_ConnectionShare Win32_ControllerHastHub Win32_CreateFolderAction Win32_CurrentProbe Win32_DCOMApplication Win32_DCOMApplicationAccessAllowedSetting Win32_DCOMApplicationLaunchAllowedSetting Win32_DCOMApplicationSetting Win32_DependentService Win32_Desktop Win32_DesktopMonitor Win32_DeviceBus Win32_DeviceMemoryAddress Win32_Directory Win32_DirectorySpecification Win32_DiskDrive Win32_DiskDrivePhysicalMedia Win32_DiskDriveToDiskPartition Win32_DiskPartition Win32_DiskQuota Win32_DisplayConfiguration Win32_DisplayControllerConfiguration Win32_DMAChanner Win32_DriverForDevice Win32_DriverVXD Win32_DuplicateFileAction Win32_Environment Win32_EnvironmentSpecification Win32_ExtensionInfoAction Win32_Fan Win32_FileSpecification Win32_FloppyController Win32_FloppyDrive Win32_FontInfoAction Win32_Group Win32_GroupDomain Win32_GroupUser Win32_HeatPipe Win32_IDEController Win32_IDEControllerDevice Win32_ImplementedCategory Win32_InfraredDevice Win32_IniFileSpecification Win32_InstalledSoftwareElement Win32_IP4PersistedRouteTable Win32_IP4RouteTable Win32_IRQResource Win32_Keyboard Win32_LaunchCondition Win32_LoadOrderGroup Win32_LoadOrderGroupServiceDependencies Win32_LoadOrderGroupServiceMembers Win32_LocalTime Win32_LoggedOnUser Win32_LogicalDisk Win32_LogicalDiskRootDirectory Win32_LogicalDiskToPartition Win32_LogicalFileAccess Win32_LogicalFileAuditing Win32_LogicalFileGroup Win32_LogicalFileOwner Win32_LogicalFileSecuritySetting Win32_LogicalMemoryConfiguration Win32_LogicalProgramGroup Win32_LogicalProgramGroupDirectory Win32_LogicalProgramGroupItem Win32_LogicalProgramGroupItemDataFile Win32_LogicalShareAccess Win32_LogicalShareAuditing Win32_LogicalShareSecuritySetting Win32_LogonSession Win32_LogonSessionMappedDisk Win32_MappedLogicalDisk Win32_MemoryArray Win32_MemoryArrayLocation Win32_MemoryDevice Win32_MemoryDeviceArray Win32_MemoryDeviceLocation Win32_MIMEInfoAction Win32_MotherboardDevice Win32_MoveFileAction Win32_NamedJobObject Win32_NamedJobObjectActgInfo Win32_NamedJobObjectLimit Win32_NamedJobObjectLimitSetting Win32_NamedJobObjectProcess Win32_NamedJobObjectSecLimit Win32_NamedJobObjectSecLimitSetting Win32_NamedJobObjectStatistics Win32_NetworkAdapter Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration Win32_NetworkAdapterSetting Win32_NetworkClient Win32_NetworkConnection Win32_NetworkLoginProfile Win32_NetworkProtocol Win32_NTDomain Win32_NTEventlogFile Win32_NTLogEvent Win32_NTLogEventComputer Win32_NTLogEvnetLog Win32_NTLogEventUser Win32_ODBCAttribute Win32_ODBCDataSourceAttribute Win32_ODBCDataSourceSpecification Win32_ODBCDriverAttribute Win32_ODBCDriverSoftwareElement Win32_ODBCDriverSpecification Win32_ODBCSourceAttribute Win32_ODBCTranslatorSpecification Win32_OnBoardDevice Win32_OperatingSystem Win32_OperatingSystemAutochkSetting Win32_OperatingSystemQFE Win32_OSRecoveryConfiguración Win32_PageFile Win32_PageFileElementSetting Win32_PageFileSetting Win32_PageFileUsage Win32_ParallelPort Win32_Patch Win32_PatchFile Win32_PatchPackage Win32_PCMCIAControler Win32_PerfFormattedData_ASP_ActiveServerPages Win32_PerfFormattedData_ASPNET_114322_ASPNETAppsv114322 Win32_PerfFormattedData_ASPNET_114322_ASPNETv114322 Win32_PerfFormattedData_ASPNET_2040607_ASPNETAppsv2040607 Win32_PerfFormattedData_ASPNET_2040607_ASPNETv2040607 Win32_PerfFormattedData_ASPNET_ASPNET Win32_PerfFormattedData_ASPNET_ASPNETApplications Win32_PerfFormattedData_aspnet_state_ASPNETStateService Win32_PerfFormattedData_ContentFilter_IndexingServiceFilter Win32_PerfFormattedData_ContentIndex_IndexingService Win32_PerfFormattedData_DTSPipeline_SQLServerDTSPipeline Win32_PerfFormattedData_Fax_FaxServices Win32_PerfFormattedData_InetInfo_InternetInformationServicesGlobal Win32_PerfFormattedData_ISAPISearch_HttpIndexingService Win32_PerfFormattedData_MSDTC_DistributedTransactionCoordinator Win32_PerfFormattedData_NETCLRData_NETCLRData Win32_PerfFormattedData_NETCLRNetworking_NETCLRNetworking Win32_PerfFormattedData_NETDataProviderforOracle_NETCLRData Win32_PerfFormattedData_NETDataProviderforSqlServer_NETDataProviderforSqlServer Win32_PerfFormattedData_NETFramework_NETCLRExceptions Win32_PerfFormattedData_NETFramework_NETCLRInterop Win32_PerfFormattedData_NETFramework_NETCLRJit Win32_PerfFormattedData_NETFramework_NETCLRLoading Win32_PerfFormattedData_NETFramework_NETCLRLocksAndThreads Win32_PerfFormattedData_NETFramework_NETCLRMemory Win32_PerfFormattedData_NETFramework_NETCLRRemoting Win32_PerfFormattedData_NETFramework_NETCLRSecurity Win32_PerfFormattedData_NTFSDRV_ControladordealmacenamientoNTFSdeSMTP Win32_PerfFormattedData_Outlook_Outlook Win32_PerfFormattedData_PerfDisk_LogicalDisk Win32_PerfFormattedData_PerfDisk_PhysicalDisk Win32_PerfFormattedData_PerfNet_Browser Win32_PerfFormattedData_PerfNet_Redirector Win32_PerfFormattedData_PerfNet_Server Win32_PerfFormattedData_PerfNet_ServerWorkQueues Win32_PerfFormattedData_PerfOS_Cache Win32_PerfFormattedData_PerfOS_Memory Win32_PerfFormattedData_PerfOS_Objects Win32_PerfFormattedData_PerfOS_PagingFile Win32_PerfFormattedData_PerfOS_Processor Win32_PerfFormattedData_PerfOS_System Win32_PerfFormattedData_PerfProc_FullImage_Costly Win32_PerfFormattedData_PerfProc_Image_Costly Win32_PerfFormattedData_PerfProc_JobObject Win32_PerfFormattedData_PerfProc_JobObjectDetails Win32_PerfFormattedData_PerfProc_Process Win32_PerfFormattedData_PerfProc_ProcessAddressSpace_Costly Win32_PerfFormattedData_PerfProc_Thread Win32_PerfFormattedData_PerfProc_ThreadDetails_Costly Win32_PerfFormattedData_RemoteAccess_RASPort Win32_PerfFormattedData_RemoteAccess_RASTotal Win32_PerfFormattedData_RSVP_RSVPInterfaces Win32_PerfFormattedData_RSVP_RSVPService Win32_PerfFormattedData_Spooler_PrintQueue Win32_PerfFormattedData_TapiSrv_Telephony Win32_PerfFormattedData_Tcpip_ICMP Win32_PerfFormattedData_Tcpip_IP Win32_PerfFormattedData_Tcpip_NBTConnection Win32_PerfFormattedData_Tcpip_NetworkInterface Win32_PerfFormattedData_Tcpip_TCP Win32_PerfFormattedData_Tcpip_UDP Win32_PerfFormattedData_TermService_TerminalServices Win32_PerfFormattedData_TermService_TerminalServicesSession Win32_PerfFormattedData_W3SVC_WebService Win32_PerfRawData_ASP_ActiveServerPages Win32_PerfRawData_ASPNET_114322_ASPNETAppsv114322 Win32_PerfRawData_ASPNET_114322_ASPNETv114322 Win32_PerfRawData_ASPNET_2040607_ASPNETAppsv2040607 Win32_PerfRawData_ASPNET_2040607_ASPNETv2040607 Win32_PerfRawData_ASPNET_ASPNET Win32_PerfRawData_ASPNET_ASPNETApplications Win32_PerfRawData_aspnet_state_ASPNETStateService Win32_PerfRawData_ContentFilter_IndexingServiceFilter Win32_PerfRawData_ContentIndex_IndexingService Win32_PerfRawData_DTSPipeline_SQLServerDTSPipeline Win32_PerfRawData_Fax_FaxServices Win32_PerfRawData_InetInfo_InternetInformationServicesGlobal Win32_PerfRawData_ISAPISearch_HttpIndexingService Win32_PerfRawData_MSDTC_DistributedTransactionCoordinator Win32_PerfRawData_NETCLRData_NETCLRData Win32_PerfRawData_NETCLRNetworking_NETCLRNetworking Win32_PerfRawData_NETDataProviderforOracle_NETCLRData Win32_PerfRawData_NETDataProviderforSqlServer_NETDataProviderforSqlServer Win32_PerfRawData_NETFramework_NETCLRExceptions Win32_PerfRawData_NETFramework_NETCLRInterop Win32_PerfRawData_NETFramework_NETCLRJit Win32_PerfRawData_NETFramework_NETCLRLoading Win32_PerfRawData_NETFramework_NETCLRLocksAndThreads Win32_PerfRawData_NETFramework_NETCLRMemory Win32_PerfRawData_NETFramework_NETCLRRemoting Win32_PerfRawData_NETFramework_NETCLRSecurity Win32_PerfRawData_NTFSDRV_ControladordealmacenamientoNTFSdeSMTP Win32_PerfRawData_Outlook_Outlook Win32_PerfRawData_PerfDisk_LogicalDisk Win32_PerfRawData_PerfDisk_PhysicalDisk Win32_PerfRawData_PerfNet_Browser Win32_PerfRawData_PerfNet_Redirector Win32_PerfRawData_PerfNet_Server Win32_PerfRawData_PerfNet_ServerWorkQueues Win32_PerfRawData_PerfOS_Cache Win32_PerfRawData_PerfOS_Memory Win32_PerfRawData_PerfOS_Objects Win32_PerfRawData_PerfOS_PagingFile Win32_PerfRawData_PerfOS_Processor Win32_PerfRawData_PerfOS_System Win32_PerfRawData_PerfProc_FullImage_Costly Win32_PerfRawData_PerfProc_Image_Costly Win32_PerfRawData_PerfProc_JobObject Win32_PerfRawData_PerfProc_JobObjectDetails Win32_PerfRawData_PerfProc_Process Win32_PerfRawData_PerfProc_ProcessAddressSpace_Costly Win32_PerfRawData_PerfProc_Thread Win32_PerfRawData_PerfProc_ThreadDetails_Costly Win32_PerfRawData_RemoteAccess_RASPort Win32_PerfRawData_RemoteAccess_RASTotal Win32_PerfRawData_RSVP_RSVPInterfaces Win32_PerfRawData_RSVP_RSVPService Win32_PerfRawData_Spooler_PrintQueue Win32_PerfRawData_TapiSrv_Telephony Win32_PerfRawData_Tcpip_ICMP Win32_PerfRawData_Tcpip_IP Win32_PerfRawData_Tcpip_NBTConnection Win32_PerfRawData_Tcpip_NetworkInterface Win32_PerfRawData_Tcpip_TCP Win32_PerfRawData_Tcpip_UDP Win32_PerfRawData_TermService_TerminalServices Win32_PerfRawData_TermService_TerminalServicesSession Win32_PerfRawData_W3SVC_WebService Win32_PhysicalMedia Win32_PhysicalMemory Win32_PhysicalMemoryArray Win32_PhysicalMemoryLocation Win32_PingStatus Win32_PNPAllocatedResource Win32_PnPDevice Win32_PnPEntity Win32_PnPSignedDriver Win32_PnPSignedDriverCIMDataFile Win32_PointingDevice Win32_PortableBattery Win32_PortConnector Win32_PortResource Win32_POTSModem Win32_POTSModemToSerialPort Win32_Printer Win32_PrinterConfiguration Win32_PrinterController Win32_PrinterDriver Win32_PrinterDriverDll Win32_PrinterSetting Win32_PrinterShare Win32_PrintJob Win32_Process Win32_Processor Win32_Product Win32_ProductCheck Win32_ProductResource Win32_ProductSoftwareFeatures Win32_ProgIDSpecification Win32_ProgramGroup Win32_ProgramGroupContents Win32_Property Win32_ProtocolBinding Win32_Proxy Win32_PublishComponentAction Win32_QuickFixEngineering Win32_QuotaSetting Win32_Refrigeration Win32_Registry Win32_RegistryAction Win32_RemoveFileAction Win32_RemoveIniAction Win32_ReserveCost Win32_ScheduledJob Win32_SCSIController Win32_SCSIControllerDevice Win32_SecuritySettingOfLogicalFile Win32_SecuritySettingOfLogicalShare Win32_SelfRegModuleAction Win32_SerialPort Win32_SerialPortConfiguration Win32_SerialPortSetting Win32_ServerConnection Win32_ServerSession Win32_Service Win32_ServiceControl Win32_ServiceSpecification Win32_ServiceSpecificationService Win32_SessionConnection Win32_SessionProcess Win32_Share Win32_ShareToDirectory Win32_ShortcutAction Win32_ShortcutFile Win32_ShortcutSAP Win32_SID Win32_SoftwareElement Win32_SoftwareElementAction Win32_SoftwareElementCheck Win32_SoftwareElementCondition Win32_SoftwareElementResource Win32_SoftwareFeature Win32_SoftwareFeatureAction Win32_SoftwareFeatureCheck Win32_SoftwareFeatureParent Win32_SoftwareFeatureSoftwareElements Win32_SoundDevice Win32_StartupCommand Win32_SubDirectory Win32_SystemAccount Win32_SystemBIOS Win32_SystemBootConfiguration Win32_SystemDesktop Win32_SystemDevices Win32_SystemDriver Win32_SystemDriverPNPEntity Win32_SystemEnclosure Win32_SystemLoadOrderGroups Win32_SystemLogicalMemoryConfiguration Win32_SystemNetworkConnections Win32_SystemOperatingSystem Win32_SystemPartitions Win32_SystemProcesses Win32_SystemProgramGroups Win32_SystemResources Win32_SystemServices Win32_SystemSlot Win32_SystemSystemDriver Win32_SystemTimeZone Win32_SystemUsers Win32_TapeDrive Win32_TCPIPPrinterPort Win32_TemperatureProbe Win32_Terminal Win32_TerminalService Win32_TerminalServiceSetting Win32_TerminalServiceToSetting Win32_TerminalTerminalSetting Win32_Thread Win32_TimeZone Win32_TSAccount Win32_TSClientSetting Win32_TSEnvironmentSetting Win32_TSGeneralSetting Win32_TSLogonSetting Win32_TSNetworkAdapterListSetting Win32_TSNetworkAdapterSetting Win32_TSPermissionsSetting Win32_TSRemoteControlSetting Win32_TSSessionDirectory Win32_TSSessionDirectorySetting Win32_TSSessionSetting Win32_TypeLibraryAction Win32_UninterruptiblePowerSupply Win32_USBController Win32_USBControllerDevice Win32_USBHub Win32_UserAccount Win32_UserDesktop Win32_UserInDomain Win32_UTCTime Win32_VideoController Win32_VideoSettings Win32_VoltageProbe Win32_VolumeQuotaSetting Win32_WindowsProductActivation Win32_WMIElementSetting Win32_WMISetting
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